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Table 3 Secondary outcome measurements between group comparison

From: A comparative study of sonographic and clinical parameters in patient with upper trapezius muscle trigger point following dry needling and intramuscular electrical stimulation: a randomized control trial

 

Intervention group

MD

P

SMD

IMES

(n = 15)

DN

(n = 15)

Pain intensity

 After

29.77±18.99

33.37±19.57

-

0.57

-

 One-month

20.21±20.62

33.93±24.06

-

0.10

-

Pain pressure threshold

 After

6.78±1.71

6.65±3.52

-

0.44

-

 One-month

7.72±2.26

7.02±4.18

-

0.22

-

Neck disability index

 After

9.87±6.07

19.02±9.10

-

-

-

 One-month

11.27±10.73

17.06±10.99

-

-

-

TrP longitudinal diameter

 After

6.56±0.55

7.41±0.70

-1.13

(-1.83, -0.44)

0.000

-1.72

 One-month

6.01±1.12

7.48±0.70

-1.76

(-2.46, -1.06)

0.000

-2.67

TrP transverse diameter

 After

3.04±0.37

3.16±0.39

-0.30

(-0.63, 0.04)

0.107

-

 One-month

2.97±0.53

3.35±0.33

-0.56

(-0.89, -0.22)

0.000

-1.76

TrP stiffness

 After

24.69±7.03

23.98±4.42

-

0.95

-

 One-month

23.18±6.55

19.28±10.77

-

0.14

-

Blood circulation (RI)

 After

0.57±0.11

0.69±0.08

-0.17

(-0.24, -0.10)

0.000

-2.60

 One-month

0.59±0.10

0.64±0.08

-0.10

(-0.17, -0.03)

0.002

-1.47

  1. IMES: intramuscular electrical stimulation; DN: dry needling; MD: mean difference (IMESmean - DNmean); SMD: standardized mean difference; RI: resistance index